Michael J. Davis
“We are at present working on the establishment of New Orleans, thirty leagues above the entry of the Mississippi,” wrote the newly-commissioned commandant-général of Louisiana, Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville, on June 12, to the Council of the Marine at Versailles.[1] Work on New Orleans, however, had been underway since the end of March, when Bienville had brought forty workers—three quarters of them convict labourers—to clear the swampland on behalf of the Company of the West, the new proprietary owners of the Louisiana colony, and found what would become the Crescent City. New Orleans’ foundation has been described by Shannon Lee Dawdy as the combination of Enlightenment rationality, mētis (local knowledge) and what she has called “rogue colonialism”—colonial development driven by the pursuit of the vested interests of individuals on the ground, who acted with or without metropolitan consent.[2] Scion of the Le Moyne family, one of New France’s most ambitious houses, Bienville looms particularly large in this equation. From Louisiana’s very inception he and his kin fused colonial and personal interests to forge a family empire in the Lower Mis
LE MOYNE DE BIENVILLE, JEAN-BAPTISTE, officer, explorer, governor of Louisiana; baptized as an infant 23 Feb. in Montreal; son of Charles Le Moyne* de Longueuil et de Châteauguay and Catherine Thierry (Primot); d. 7 March in Paris, France.
Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne belonged to a family many of whose members left their mark on the history of Canada and Louisiana. His parents died when he was young, but fraternal solidarity compensated for the loss. When his brother François, Sieur de Bienville, died in , Jean-Baptiste received the landed title by which he would be known to history.
In Bienville began his naval service as a midshipman. He served under his elder brother Pierre Le Moyne* d’Iberville near Newfoundland, along the New England coast, and in Hudson Bay; wounded in action in , he accompanied Iberville to France. The War of the League of Augsburg had just ended; France and England were now ready to race each other to colonize the Mississippi valley, which had been opened to exploration by Jacques Marquette* and Louis Jolliet*, René-Robert Cavelier* de La Salle and Henri Tonty* shortly before the war. Iberville, fresh from spe
Canadian naval officer Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, sieur de Bienville, served as three-time governor of the French colony of Louisiana intermittently from to Bienville and his older brother, Pierre Le Moyne d’Iberville, traveled on an expedition that arrived in Louisiana in Together they explored the lower Mississippi River valley and established a permanent French settlement in Louisiana, Fort Maurepas. Bienville proved particularly talented, though not always successful, as a negotiator with local Native Americans. In , he chose the site where New Orleans, named for the French Duc d’Orléans, was built.
Early Life
Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, sieur de Bienville, was born February 23, , in the frontier village of Montreal to Charles and Catherine Le Moyne. He went to school at the Sulpician Seminary of Montreal before entering the French navy as a midshipman at the age of twelve. He served with his brother, Iberville, in Newfoundland in , where he campaigned for the expulsion of English fishermen, and Hudson Bay, where he was wounded during a battle to recapture Port Hudson in Afterwards, he returned to France with Iberville and prepared for a expedition to Louisiana; he was eight
The UNESCO Slave Route: Resistance, Liberty, Heritage
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Honoring The Memory Of The Ancestors
Mobile in Mobile County, Alabama &#; The American South (East South Central)
Photographed by Mark Hilton, December 5,
1. The UNESCO Slave Route: Resistance, Liberty, Heritage Marker
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